Preforming speedtest can help you discover network problems. However this is not as simple as opening a website when you are on a cli only server. Thankfully a simple python script to perform this test.
Download the small program to your server using curl or wget.
$ curl -Lo speedtest-cli https://raw.githubusercontent.com/sivel/speedtest-cli/master/speedtest_cli.py
$ wget -O speedtest-cli https://raw.githubusercontent.com/sivel/speedtest-cli/master/speedtest_cli.py
Once downloaded just run it.
$ python speedtest-cli
Once you are done you can just remove the script.